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Headline Inflation Increases by 15.63% YoY in December 2021 as Food Inflation Rises by 17.37%

Nigeria Economy	2474 VIEWS
Nigeria Economy
2474 VIEWS

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Monday, January 17, 2021 / 04:16 PM / by NBS / Header Image Credit: NBS

All Items Index

The consumer price index, (CPI) which measures inflation increased by 15.63 percent (year-on-year) in December 2021. This is 0.13 percent points lower than the rate recorded in December 2020 (15.75) percent.

This is showing slowing down in the rate when compared to the corresponding period of 2020 .

Increases were recorded in all COICOP divisions that yielded the Headline index. On month-on-month basis, the Headline index increased by 1.82 percent in December 2021, this is 0.74 percent rate higher than the rate recorded in November 2021 (1.08) percent.

The percentage change in the average composite CPI for the twelve-month period ending December 2021 increased by 16.95 percent from 16.98 percent over the average of the CPI for the previous twelve-month period recorded in November 2021 down by 0.03 percent points.

Urban inflation rate increased by 16.17 percent (year-on-year) in December 2021 from 16.33 percent recorded in December 2020, while the rural inflation rate increased by 15.11 percent in December 2021 from 15.20 percent in December 2020.

On a month-on-month basis, the urban index rose by 1.87 percent in December 2021, up by 0.75 the rate recorded in November 2021 (1.12) percent, while the rural index also rose by 1.77 percent in December 2021, up by 0.73 the rate that was recorded in November 2021 (1.04) percent.

The twelve-month year-on-year average percentage change for the urban index is 17.52 percent in December 2021. This is lower than the rate reported in November 17.55 (percent), while the corresponding twelvemonth (month-on-month) average percentage change for rural index inflation rate in December 2021 stood at 16.40 percent from 16.42 percent in November 2021.

Food Index

The composite food sub-index rose by 17.37 percent in December 2021 down by 2.19 percent points when compared to 19.56 percent in December 2020. This rise in the food sub-index was caused by increases in prices of Bread and cereals, Food product n.e.c, Meat, Fish, Potatoes, yam and other tuber, Soft drinks and fruit.

On month-on-month basis, the food sub-index increased by 2.19 percent in December 2021, up by 1.12 percent points from 1.07 percent recorded in November 2021.

The average annual rate of change of the Food sub-index for the twelve-month period ending December 2021 over the previous twelve-month average was 20.40 percent, 0.22 percent points lower from the average annual rate of change recorded in November 2021 (20.62) percent.

All Items Less Farm Produce

The "All items less farm produce" or Core inflation, which excludes the prices of volatile agricultural produce stood at 13.87 percent in December 2021, up by 2.50 percent when compared with 11.37 percent recorded in December 2020.

On month-on-month basis, the core sub-index increased by 1.12 percent in December 2021. This was down by 0.13 percent when compared with 1.26 percent recorded in November 2021.

The highest increases were recorded in prices of Gas, Liquid fuel, Wine, Actual and imputed rentals for housing, Narcotics, Tobacco, Spirit, Cleaning, repair and hire of clothing, Garments, Shoes and other foot wear and Clothing materials, other articles of clothing and clothing accessories.

The average annual rate of change of the All items less farm produce index was 13.16 percent for the twelve-month period ending December 2021; this is 0.21 percent points higher than 12.96 percent recorded in November 2021.

State Profile

In analysing price movements under this section, note that the CPI is weighted by consumption expenditure patterns which differ across states. Accordingly, the weight assigned to a particular food or non-food item may differ from state to state making interstate comparisons of consumption basket inadvisable and potentially misleading.

All Items Inflation

In December 2021, all items inflation on year on year basis was highest in Ebonyi (18.71%), Kogi (18.37%) and Bauchi (17.81%), while Kwara (12.32, Edo (13.46%) and%) Cross River (13.93%) recorded the slowest rise in headline Year on Year inflation.

On month-on-month basis, the highest increases was reccorded in Ebonyi (4.01%), River (3.41%) and Taraba (3.28%), while Jigawa (0.56%) recorded the slowest rise with Cross River and Kaduna recording price deflation or negative inflation (general decrease in the price level).

Food Inflation

In December 2021, food inflation on a year-on-year basis was highest in Kogi, (22.82%), Enugu (20.65%) and Lagos (20.27%), while Edo (13.24%), Kaduna (13.53%) and Sokoto (14.82%) recorded the slowest rise.

On month-on-month basis, December 2021 food inflation was highest in Cross River (4.09%), Akwa Ibom (3.88%) and River (3.79%), while Nasarawa (0.21%) , Jigawa (0.39%) recorded the slowest rise in inflation on month-on-month with Kaduna recording price deflation or negative inflation (general decrease in the price level of food or a negative food inflation rate).

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