| Nigeria Economy |    1394 VIEWS  |
| Nigeria Economy | |
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Wednesday, October 09, 2019 09:00AM / NBS
Highlights:
Between April and June 2019 (Jan 2018=100):
Terms Of
Trade
The terms
of trade (TOT) represents the ratio between a country's export prices and its
import prices. The ratio is calculated by dividing the price of the exports by
the price of the imports, usually in percentage terms. In this report, the
terms of trade is calculated as the value of Nigeria's exports as a percentage
of the value of its imports. An increase in the terms of trade between two
periods (or when TOT is greater than 100%) means that the value of exports is
increasing relative to the value of imports, and the country can afford more
imports for the same value of exports. For example, an increase in the price of
oil between two periods (with oil production remaining the same) is likely to
increase or improve the terms of trade for Nigeria and vice versa. The TOT is
recorded as an index and can be used as an indicator of an economy's health.
COMMODITY PRICE INDEX APRIL TO JUNE, 2019
All commodity group import index
(Table 1)
In Q2
2019, the All commodity group import index, on average, decreased 0.25%,
following a 0.17% decrease from April to May and a drop of 0.08% between May
and June.
In May,
the decline was mainly attributable to decreases in the prices of Boilers,
Machinery and Appliances (-0.77%), Raw Hides and Skin, Leather
(-0.55%) and Base metals and articles of Base metals (-0.39%) but partly
mitigated by increases in the prices of Vegetable products (1.14%), Pearls,
precious and semi-precious stones (1.07%) and Animal and Animal
Vegetable fats and oils and other cleavage (0.93%).
In June,
the fall was attributable to decreases in the prices of wood and articles of
wood (-0.83%), Textiles and Textile articles (-0.83%) and Prepared
foodstuffs (-0.58%). However, this was partly mitigated by increases in the
prices of Vegetable products (0.25%), Mineral products (0.20%)
and Paper making material (0.16%).
All Commodity Group Export Index
(Table 2)
The All commodity export index, on average, increased 1.02% following a 0.19% increase in May and a 0.83% increase in June.
The All commodity group export index rose in May
due to increases in the prices of footwear, Headgear, Umbrellas (39.3%),
Textile and Textile articles (11.3%) and Raw Hides and Skin
(9.3%). The increases were, however, partly offset by decreases in the prices
of Plastic rubber and articles (-9.4%), Live animals; animal
Products (-6,8%) and animal and Vegetable fats and oils (-5.3%).
The index for All commodity exports also rose in
June due to increases seen in Plastic, rubber and articles (+4.59%), Prepared
foodstuffs; beverages (+2.75%) and products of the chemical and Allied
industries (+1.46%). The increases were partly offset by decreases in the
prices of footwear, headgear (-15.2%), Raw Hides and Skin (-5.4%)
and Textile & Textile articles (-3.8%).
Terms of Trade by commodity (2018
Jan=100) (Table 3)
The All
commodity group terms of trade stood at 102.5 in April, 102.9 in May and 103.8
in June. This represents an increase of 0.36% in May (from April) and 0.9% in
June (from May), resulting in an overall increase in the terms of trade by
1.27% in Q2 2019.The rise was attributable to increases in the
prices of footwear, headgear, Umbrellas (+24.2%), Textile and
Textile articles (+8.3%) and prepared foodstuffs (+7.6%), but was
partly offset by decreases in the prices of plastic, rubber (-4.7%), Animal
and Vegetable fats (-6.2%) and Live animals; animal products
(-6.6%).
All Region Group Export Index (Table 4)
The All Region group export index, on average, rose by 1.02%, following a (0.19%) increase in May and 0.83 % in June.
In May,
the rise in the All Region group export index was mainly attributable to
increases in the prices of export trade to Asia (1.5%) which was, however,
partly offset by decreases in the prices of export trade to America
(-0.56%), Africa (-0.32%) and Europe (-0.2%).
In June, the rise in the all regions group export index was attributable to increases in trade with Asia (4.56%) and Europe (0.56%). These increases, however, were partly offset by decreases in the prices of export trade to America (-2.63%), Africa (-2.04%) and Oceania (-0.96%).
All Region Group import index (Table
5)
The All
Region group import index, on average, fell by 0.25%, following a 0.17%
decrease in May and 0.08% decrease in June.
The 0.17%
decline in the All Region group import index, in May, was mainly attributed to
decreases in the prices of import trade from Oceania (-7.92%), America (-4.35%)
and Europe (-0.34%) though the decline was partly mitigated by increases in the
prices of import trade from Africa (+2.48%) and Asia(+1.19%).
Similarly, the All Region group import index declined in June, by 0.08% , driven by decreases in the prices of import trade from Africa (-3.72%), America (-2.46%) and Asia (-0.60%). The decline was partly mitigated by increase in the prices of import trade from Oceania (23.78%) and Europe (0.64%).
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Terms of Trade by Regions [2018
Jan=100] (Table 6)
The All Region group terms of trade stood at 102.5
in April, 102.9 in May and 103.8 in June. This represents an increase of 0.36%
in May and of 0.9% in June. On average, the terms of trade increased by
1.27%.The increase was a result of the rise in the prices of goods traded
with Asia (5.54%), America (3.78%) and Europe (0.06%), but was partly offset by
decreases in the prices of goods traded with Oceania (-10.36%) and Africa
(-0.98%) during the quarter.
Merchandise
Trade With Top Five Partners By Major Commodities In Q2 2019 (Table 7)
A. INDIA
As the largest export market for Nigeria in Q2, 2019, export trade to India accounted for 17.27% (N 793.9 billion) of total exports. The most dominant export commodity to India was crude oil, valued at N724.1 billion, followed by Natural gas, liquefied (worth N60.4 billion), Cashew nuts, in shell (N4.2 billion), Sesamum seeds, whether or not broken (N0.9billion) and Aluminum alloys, unwrought (N0.6billion). On the other hand, Nigeria imported motorcycles and cycles, CKD by established manufacturers >50cc<=250cc (N81.9billion), Motorcycles and cycles fitted with auxiliary motor, petrol fuel, capacity >80=<250cc, (N13.5billion), other antibiotics (N10.8billion), Kerosene type jet fuel (N5.3billion) and others from India during the period under review.
B. CHINA
Nigeria's
export trade with China was dominated by Petroleum oils and oils obtained
from bituminous minerals, crude which was worth N127.8billion, followed by Natural
gas, liquefied (N14.5billion), Propane, liquefied (N3.0billion) and
others. In terms of imports, Other machine-tools for working stone, ceramics,
concrete, etc, (N37.6billion), Machines for the reception, conversion
& transmission or regeneration of voice etc... (N 35.4billion) and motorcycles
and cycles, imported CKD by established manufacturers >50cc<=250cc
(N29.9billion) were the major imports from China.
C. SPAIN
As with the preceding two major trading partners,
Nigeria's major export to Spain in Q2, 2919 was Petroleum oils and oils
obtained from bituminous minerals, crude and this was valued at
N476.3billion.This was followed by Natural gas, liquefied worth N67.6 billion,
Leather further prepared after tanning valued at N4.2billion and others.
During the quarter, Motor Spirit ordinary worth N6.1billion was imported
from Spain as were Mixed alkylbenzenes & mixed alkylenaphthalenes,
(N5.3billion) and Petroleum bitumen (N3.8billion).
D. THE UNITED STATES
In Q2, 2019, Nigeria exported N349.5billion worth of Crude oil to the United States, together with False beards, eyebrows and eyelashes, etc, of synthetic fibres valued at N0.6billion and Cashew nuts, shelled, worth N0.6 billion. In terms of imports, the main commodities imported were Used Vehicles, with diesel or semidiesel engine, of cylinder capacity >2500cc, accounting for N114.9billion of total imports during the period under Review. Other products imported were Durum wheat, Seed (N36.7billion), Durum wheat (Not in seeds) (N30.7billion) and Other refrigerated vessels (N27.3billion) among others.
E. The Netherlands
The
largest exported commodity to The Netherlands in Q2 2019 was crude oil
(N442.9billion), followed by Other petroleum gases etc in gaseous state
(N10.6billion), Dredgers (N6.5billion), Natural gas, liquefied
(N6.4billion), Good Fermented Nigerian Cocoa Beans (N3.3billion) and
others . On the other hand, Motor Spirit valued at N255.4billion, Gas
oil valued at N59.4billion, Supported catalysts with precious metal or
its compounds as the active substance, valued at N4.8billion, Blue
whitings (Micromesistius poutassou, Micromesistius australis) meat, frozen
(N4.5billion) and others were also imported from The Netherlands.
Click Here to Download Q2 2019 Commodity Price Indices and Terms Of Trade PDF Report
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